The Science Behind Olivino
This section of the website presents research articles that demonstrate the health benefits of the Mediterranean Diet as well as bioactive ingredients from Olives, Grapes and Tomatoes -- the "Fruits of the Mediterranean Diet" -- that are contained in Olivino. The emphasis is on peer-reviewed studies that utilize human clinical intervention trials, which is considered the scientific gold standard.
Research studies are added frequently and noted by "NEW!"
Andreu-Reinón M.E. et al. Mediterranean Diet and Risk of Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease in the EPIC-Spain Dementia Cohort Study. Nutrients 2021. Vol. 13:1-17. NEW!
Van den Brink, A.C. et al. The Mediterranean, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) Diets Are Associated with Less Cognitive Decline and a Lower Risk of Alzheimer's Disease—A Review. 2019. Adv. Nutr. Vol. 10:1040–1065.
Román, G.C. et al. Mediterranean Diet: The Role of Long-Chain Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Fish; Polyphenols in Fruits, Vegetables, Cereals, Coffee, Tea, Cacao and Wine; Probiotics and Vitamins in Prevention of Stroke, Age-Related Cognitive Decline, and Alzheimer Disease. 2019. J. Rev. Neurol. Vol. 175:724-741.
Karstens, A.J., et al. Associations of the Mediterranean Diet with Cognitive and Neuroimaging Phenotypes of Dementia in Healthy Older Adults. 2019. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. Vol. 109:361-368.
Shannon, O.M. et al. Mediterranean Diet Adherence and Cognitive Function in Older UK Adults: The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Norfolk (EPIC-Norfolk) Study. 2019. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. Vol. 110:938-948.
Gardener, H. and Caunca, M. Mediterranean Diet in Preventing Neurodegenerative Diseases. 2018. Curr. Nutr. Rep. Vol. 7:10-20.
Berti, V. et al. Mediterranean Diet and 3-Year Alzheimer Brain Biomarker Changes in Middle-Aged Adults. 2018. Neurology. Vol. 90:e1789-e1798.
Radd-Vagenas, S. et al. Effect of the Mediterranean Diet on Cognition and Brain Morphology and Function: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. 2018. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. Vol. 107:389-404.
Sun, D. and Wu, L. Adherence to Mediterranean Diet and Risk of Developing Cognitive Disorders: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies. 2017. Sci. Rep. Jan. 23:1-9.
Anastasiou, C.A. et al. Mediterranean Diet and Cognitive Health: Initial Results from the Hellenic Longitudinal Investigation of Ageing and Diet. 2017. PloS One. Vol 12:1-18.
Knight, A. et al. The Mediterranean Diet and Age-Related Cognitive Functioning: A Systematic Review of Study Findings and Neuropsychological Assessment Methodology. 2017. Nutr. Neurosci. Vol. 20:449-468.
Petersson, S.D. and Philippou, E. Mediterranean Diet, Cognitive Function, and Dementia: A Systematic Review of the Evidence. 2016. Adv. Nutr. Vol. 7:889-904.
Yannakoulia, M. et al. Cognitive Health and Mediterranean Diet: Just Diet or Lifestyle Pattern? 2015. Ageing Res. Rev. Vol. 20:74-78.
Valls-Pedret, C. et al. Mediterranean Diet and Age-Related Cognitive Decline: A Randomized Clinical Trial. 2015. JAMA Intern. Med. Vol. 175:1094-1103.
Trichopoulou, A. et al. Mediterranean Diet and Cognitive Decline Over Time in an Elderly Mediterranean Population. 2015. Eur. J. Nutr. Vol. 54:1311-1321.
Feart, C. et al. Mediterranean Diet and Cognitive Health: An Update of Available Knowledge. 2015. Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care. 2015. Vol. 18:51-62.
Lourida I. et al. Mediterranean Diet, Cognitive Function, and Dementia: A Systematic Review. 2013. Epidemiol. Vol. 24:479-489.
Féart, C. et al. Potential Benefits of Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet on Cognitive Health. 2013. Proc. Nutr. Soc. Vol. 74:140-152.
Martínez-Lapiscina, E.H. et al. Mediterranean Diet Improves Cognition: The PREDIMED-NAVARRA Randomised Trial. 2013. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry. Vol. 84:1318-1325.
Marx W. et al. The Dietary Inflammatory Index and Human Health: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses of Observational Studies. 2021. Adv. Nutr. Vol.12: 1-10.
Wu, P-Y, et al. Mediterranean Dietary Pattern and Inflammation in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 2021. Adv. Nutr. Vol.12: 363–373.
Tsigalou, C. et al. Mediterranean Diet as a Tool to Combat Inflammation and Chronic Disease: An Overview. 2020. Biomedicines Vol. 8:1-13.
Saulle, R. et al. A Systematic Overview of the Scientific Literature on the Association Between Mediterranean Diet and the Stroke Prevention. 2019. Clin. Ter. Vol. 170:e396-408.
Psaltopoulou, T. et al. Mediterranean Diet, Stroke, Cognitive Impairment, and Depression: A Meta-Analysis. 2013. Ann. Neurol. Vol. 74:580-591.
Toi, P.L. et al. Preventative Role of Diet Interventions and Dietary Factors in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Umbrella Review. 2020. Nutrients Vol. 12:1-17. NEW!
Becerra-Tomás, N. et al. Mediterranean Diet, Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality in Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies and Randomized Clinical Trials 2020. Crit. Rev. Food. Sci. Nutr. Vol. 60, pp. 1207-1227.
Guasch-Ferré, M. et al. Dietary Polyphenols, Mediterranean Diet, Prediabetes, and Type 2 Diabetes: A Narrative Review of the Evidence. 2017. J. Oxid. Med. Cell Longev. Aug. 13:1-16.
Sleiman, D. et al. Effect of Mediterranean Diet in Diabetes Control and Cardiovascular Risk Modification: A Systematic Review. 2015. Front. Public Health Vol. 3:1-8.
Esposito, K. et al. A Journey into a Mediterranean Diet and Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analyses. 2015. BMJ Open. Vol. 5:1-10.
Georgoulis, M. et al. Mediterranean Diet and Diabetes: Prevention and Treatment. 2014. Nutrients Vol. 6:1406-1423.
Esposito, K. and Giugliano, D. Mediterranean Diet and Type 2 Diabetes. 2014. Diabetes Metab. Res. Rev. Vol. 30:34-40
Esposito, K. et al. Prevention and Control of Type 2 Diabetes by Mediterranean Diet: A Systematic Review. 2010. Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. Vol. 89:97-102.
Sánchez-Sánchez M.L. et al. Mediterranean Diet and Health: A Systematic Review of Epidemiological Studies and Intervention Trials. 2020. Maturitas Vol. 136:25-37.
Dinu, M. et al. Mediterranean Diet and Multiple Health Outcomes: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses of Observational Studies and Randomised Trials. 2018. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. Vol. 72:30-43.
Tosti, V. et al. Health Benefits of the Mediterranean Diet: Metabolic and Molecular Mechanisms. 2018. J. Gerontol. A. Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. Vol. 73: 318–326.
Romagnolo, D.F. and Selmin, O.I. Mediterranean Diet and Prevention of Chronic Diseases. 2017. Nutr. Today Vol. 52: 208–222.
Yubero-Serrano, E.M. et al. Mediterranean Diet and Endothelial Function in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease: An Analysis of the CORDIOPREV Randomized Controlled Trial. 2020. PLoS Med. Sept. 9:1-28.
Li, J. et al. The Mediterranean Diet, Plasma Metabolome, and Cardiovascular Disease Risk. 2020. Eur. Heart J. Vol. 41:2645-2656.
Rees K, et al. Mediterranean-Style Diet for the Primary and Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: A Cochrane Review. 2020. Global Heart Vol. 15:1-29.
Temple, N.J. et al. The Mediterranean Diet and Cardiovascular Disease. Gaps in the Evidence and Research Challenges. 2019. Cardiol. Rev. Vol. 27:127-130.
Ditano-Vázquez, P. et al. The Fluid Aspect of the Mediterranean Diet in the Prevention and Management of Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes: The Role of Polyphenol Content in Moderate Consumption of Wine and Olive Oil. 2019. Nutrients Vol. 11:1-28.
Rosato, V. et al. Mediterranean Diet and Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. 2019. Eur. J. Nutr. Vol. 58:173–191.
Martínez-González, M. et al. The Mediterranean Diet and Cardiovascular Health. A Critical Review. 2019. Circ. Res. Vol. 124:779–798.
Foscolou, F. et al. The Mediating Role of Mediterranean Diet on the Association Between Lp(a) Levels and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: A 10-year Follow-Up of the ATTICA Study. 2018. Clin. Biochem. Vol. 60:33-37.
Salas-Salvadó, J. et al. Mediterranean Diet and Cardiovascular Disease Prevention: What Do We Know? 2018. Prog. Cardiovasc. Dis. Vol. 61:62-67.
Mattioli A.V. et al. Mediterranean Diet Impact on Cardiovascular Diseases: A Narrative Review. 2017.
J. Cardiovasc. Med. Vol. 18:925-935.
Widmer, R.J. et al. The Mediterranean Diet, Its Components, and Cardiovascular Disease. 2015. Am. J. Med. Vol. 128:229–238.
Shen, J. et al. Mediterranean Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Health. 2015. Ann. Rev. Nutr. Vol. 35: 425-449.
Jennings, A. et al. A Mediterranean Diet Is Positively Associated with Bone and Muscle Health in a Non-Mediterranean Region in 25,450 Men and Women from EPIC-Norfolk. 2020. Nutrients. Vol. 12:1-15.
Palomeras-Vilches, A. et al. Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Bone Fracture Risk in Middle-Aged Women: A Case Control Study. 2019. Nutrients Vol. 11:1-15.
Benetou, V. et al. Mediterranean Diet and Hip Fracture Incidence Among Older Adults: the CHANCES Project. 2018. Osteoporosis Int. Vol. 29:1591-1599.
Jennings, A. et al. A Mediterranean-Like Dietary Pattern with Vitamin D3 (10 µg/d) Supplements Reduced the Rate of Bone Loss in Older Europeans with Osteoporosis at Baseline: Results of a 1Y Randomized Controlled Trial. 2018. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. Vol. 108:633–640.
Kunutsor, S.K. et al. Adherence to a Mediterranean-Style Diet and Incident Fractures: Pooled Analysis of Observational Evidence. 2018. Eur. J. Nutr. Vol. 57:1687–1700.
Savanelli, M.C. et al. Preliminary Results Demonstrating the Impact of Mediterranean Diet on Bone Health. 2017. J. Translational Med. Vol 15:1-8.
Veronese, N. et al. Mediterranean Diet and KNEE Osteoarthritis Outcomes: A Longitudinal Cohort Study. 2020. Clin. Nutr. June 4:1-11.
Veronese, N. et al. Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet is Associated with Lower Prevalence of Osteoarthritis: Data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative. 2017. Clin. Nutr. Vol. 36: 1609–1614.
Pitaraki, E.E. The Role of the Mediterranean Diet and its Components on the Progress of Osteoarthritis. 2017. J. Frailty Sarcopenia Falls. Vol. 2: 45–52.
Mentella, M.C., et al. Cancer and Mediterranean Diet: A Review. 2019. Nutrients. Vol. 11, pp. 1-25.
Schwingshackl L. et al. Adherence to Mediterranean Diet and Risk of Cancer: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 2017. Nutrients Vol. 9:1-24.
Laudisio, D. et al. Breast Cancer Prevention in Premenopausal Women: Role of the Mediterranean Diet and its Components. 2020. Nutr. Res. Rev. Vol. 33:19-32.
Van den Brandt, P.A. and Schulpen, M. Mediterranean Diet Adherence and Risk of Postmenopausal Breast Cancer: Results of a Cohort Study and Meta-Analysis. 2017. Int. J. Cancer. Vol. 140:2220-2231.
Farsinejad-Marj, M. et al. Adherence to Mediterranean Diet and Risk of Breast Cancer in Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Women. 2015. Arch. Iran Med. Vol. 18:786-792.
Schulpen, M. and van den Brandt, P.A. Mediterranean Diet Adherence and Risk of Colorectal Cancer: The Prospective Netherlands Cohort Study. 2020. Eur. J. Epidemiol. Vol. 35:25-35.
Zhu, Z.Y. et al. Association Between Mediterranean Diet Adherence and Colorectal Cancer: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis. 2020. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. Vol. 111:1214-1225.
Castelló, A. et al. Low Adherence to the Western and High Adherence to the Mediterranean Dietary Patterns Could Prevent Colorectal Cancer. 2019. Eur. J. Nutr. Vol. 58:1495-1505.
Donovan, M.G. et al. Mediterranean Diet: Prevention of Colorectal Cancer. 2017. Front. Nutr. Vol. 4:1-25.
Jones, P. et al. The Mediterranean Diet and Risk of Colorectal Cancer in the UK Women's Cohort Study. 2017. Int. J. Epidemiol. Vol. 46:1786-1796.
Bamia, C. et al. Mediterranean Diet and Colorectal Cancer Risk: Results from a European Cohort. 2013. Eur. J. Epidemiol. Vol. 28:317-328.
Fung, T.T. et al. The Mediterranean and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diets and colorectal cancer. 2010. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. Vol. 92:1429-1435.
Fonollá, J. et al. Effects of a Combination of Extracts from Olive Fruit and Almonds Skin on Oxidative and Inflammation Markers in Hypercholesterolemic Subjects: A Randomized Controlled Trial. 2020. J. Med. Food. Aug. 18:1-8.
Medina-Remón, A. et al. Polyphenol Intake from a Mediterranean Diet Decreases Inflammatory Biomarkers Related to Atherosclerosis: A Substudy of the PREDIMED Trial. 2017. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. Vol. 83:114-128.
Pais, P. et al. Impact of a Proprietary Standardized Olive Fruit Extract (SOFE) on Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index, Visual Analog Scale and C-Reactive Protein Assessments in Subjects with Arterial Stiffness Risk. 2016. Drugs R&D Vol. 16:355–368.
Campo, G. et al. Platelet Aggregation Values in Patients with Cardiovascular Risk Factors are Reduced by Verbascoside Treatment. A Randomized Study. 2015. Pharmacol. Res. Vol. 97:1-6.
Tresserra-Rimbau, A. et al. Intake of Total Polyphenols and Some Classes of Polyphenols Is Inversely Associated with Diabetes in Elderly People at High Cardiovascular Disease Risk. 2015. J. Nutr. Vol. 146:767-777.
Hernáez, Á. et al. Olive Oil Polyphenols Decrease LDL Concentrations and LDL Atherogenicity in Men in a Randomized Controlled Trial. 2015. J. Nutr. Vol. 145:1692-1697.
Covas, M.I. et al. The Effect of Polyphenols in Olive Oil on Heart Disease Risk Factors: A Randomized Trial. 2006. Ann. Intern. Med. Vol. 145: 333-341.
Hernáez Á. et al. Olive oil Polyphenols Enhance High-Density Lipoprotein Function in Humans: A Randomized Controlled Trial. 2014. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. Vol. 34:2115-2119.
Salis, C. et al. Olive Oil Polyphenols in Neurodegenerative Pathologies. 2020. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. Vol. 1195:77-91.
Casamenti, F. and Stefani, M. Olive Polyphenols: New Promising Agents to Combat Aging-Associated Neurodegeneration. 2017. Expert Rev. Neurother. Vol. 17:345-358.
Angeloni, C. et al. Bioactivity of Olive Oil Phenols in Neuroprotection. 2017. Int. J. Mol. Sci. Vol. 18:1-27.
Valls-Pedret, C. et al. Polyphenol-Rich Foods in the Mediterranean Diet are Associated with Better Cognitive Function in Elderly Subjects at High Cardiovascular Risk. 2012. J. Alzheimers Dis. Vol. 29:773-782.
Togni, S. et al. Effects of a Standardized Olive (Olea Europea) Fruit Extract on Healthy Skin Aging Parameters. 2019. Esperienze Dermatologiche Vol. 21:1-5.
Schön, C. et al. Grape Seed Extract Positively Modulates Blood Pressure and Perceived Stress: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study in Healthy Volunteers. 2021. Nutrients Vol. 13:1-18. NEW!
Odai, T. et al. Effects of Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Extract on Vascular Endothelial Function in Participants with Prehypertension: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study. 2019. Nutrients Vol. 11:1-12. NEW!
Zhang, H. et al. The Impact of Grape Seed Extract Treatment on Blood Pressure Changes: A Meta-Analysis of 16 Randomized Controlled Trials. 2016. Medicine Vol. 95:1-7.
Park, E., et al. Effects of Grape Seed Extract Beverage on Blood Pressure and Metabolic Indices in Individuals with Pre-Hypertension: A Randomised, Double-Blinded, Two Arm, Parallel, Placebo-Controlled Trial. 2016. Br. J. Nutr. Vol. 115:226-238.
Li, S-H. et al. Effect of Grape Polyphenols on Blood Pressure: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. 2015. PLoS One Vol. 10:1-12. NEW!
Ras, R.T., et al. Effect of Polyphenol-Rich Grape Seed Extract on Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Subjects with Pre- and Stage I Hypertension. 2013. Br. J. Nutr. Vol. 110:2234-2241.
Feringa, H.H.H., et al. The Effect of Grape Seed Extract on Cardiovascular Risk Markers: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. 2011. J. Am. Diet. Assoc. Vol. 111:1173-1181.
Sivaprakasapillai, B. et al. Effect of Grape Seed Extract on Blood Pressure in Subjects with the Metabolic Syndrome. 2009. Metabolism Vol. 58:1743-1746.
Castaldo, L. et al. Red Wine Consumption and Cardiovascular Health. 2019. Molecules Vol. 24:1-20. NEW!
Breuss, J.M., et al. Resveratrol and Its Effects on the Vascular System. 2019. Int. J. Mol. Sci. Vol. 20:1-18. NEW!
Bonnefont-Rousselot, D. Resveratrol and Cardiovascular Diseases. 2016. Nutrients Vol. 8:1-24.
Wong, R.H.X. et al. Chronic Resveratrol Consumption Improves Brachial Flow-Mediated Dilatation in Healthy Obese Adults. 2013. J. Hypertens. Vol 31:1819-1827.
Wong, R.H.X. et al. Acute Resveratrol Supplementation Improves Flow-Mediated Dilatation in Overweight/Obese Individuals with Mildly Elevated Blood Pressure. 2011. Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis. Vol. 21:851-866.
Öztürk, E. et al. Resveratrol and Diabetes: A Critical Review of Clinical Studies. 2017. Biomed. Pharmacother. Vol. 95:230-234.
Timmers, S. et al. Resveratrol as Add-on Therapy in Subjects with Well-Controlled Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial. 2016. Diabetes Care Vol. 39:2211-2217.
Asis, M. et al. Effects of Resveratrol Supplementation on Bone Biomarkers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 2019. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. Vol. 1457:92-103.
Bo, S. et al. Effects of Resveratrol on Bone Health in Type 2 Diabetic Patients. A Double-Blind Randomized-Controlled Trial. 2018. Nutr. Diabetes Vol. 20:1-10.
Ornstrup M.J. et al.Resveratrol Increases Bone Mineral Density and Bone Alkaline Phosphatase in Obese Men: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial. 2014. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. Vol. 99:4720-4729.
Wolak, T. et al. Effect of Tomato Nutrient Complex on Blood Pressure: A Double Blind, Randomized Dose–Response Study. 2019. Nutrients Vol. 11:1-13.
Li, X. and Xu, J. Lycopene Supplement and Blood Pressure: An Updated Meta-Analysis of Intervention Trials. 2013. Nutrients Vol. 5: 3696–3712.
Nishimura, M. et al. Effect of 12-Week Daily Intake of the High-Lycopene Tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum), a Variety Named “PR-7”, on Lipid Metabolism: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group Study. 2019. Nutrients Vol. 11:1-13.
Cheng, H.M. et al. Tomato and Lycopene Supplementation and Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 2017. Atherosclerosis Vol. 257:100-108.
Li, X. and Xu, J. Dietary and Circulating Lycopene and Stroke Risk: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies. 2014. Sci. Reports Vol. 4: 1-7.
Gajendragadkar, P.R. et al. Effects of Oral Lycopene Supplementation on Vascular Function in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease and Healthy Volunteers: A Randomised Controlled Trial. 2014. PLOS ONE. Vol. 9:1-13.
Karppi, J. et al. Serum Lycopene Decreases the Risk of Stroke in Men. A Population-Based Follow-Study. 2012. Neurology Vol. 79:1540-1547.
Misra, R. et al. LycoRed as an Alternative to Hormone Replacement Therapy in Lowering Serum Lipids and Oxidative Stress Markers: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. 2006. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Res. Vol 32:299-304.
Chernyshova, M.P. et al. Systemic and Skin-Targeting Beneficial Effects of Lycopene-Enriched Ice Cream: A Pilot Study. 2019. J. Dairy Sci. Vol. 102:14–25.
Wiese, M. et al. Prebiotic Effect of Lycopene and Dark Chocolate on Gut Microbiome with Systemic Changes in Liver Metabolism, Skeletal Muscles and Skin in Moderately Obese Persons. 2019. BioMed. Res. Intl. Vol. 2019, June 2:1-15.
Petyaev I.M. et al. Lycopene Presence in Facial Skin Corneocytes and Sebum and its Association with Circulating Lycopene Isomer Profile: Effects of Age and Dietary Supplementation. 2019. Food Sci. Nutr. Vol. 13:1157-1165.
Grether-Beck, S. et al. Molecular Evidence that Oral Supplementation with Lycopene or Lutein Protects Human Skin Against Ultraviolet Radiation: Results from a Double‐Blinded, Placebo‐Controlled, Crossover Study. 2017. Brit. J. Dermatol. Vol. 176:1231–1240
Rizwan, M. et al. Tomato Paste Rich in Lycopene Protects Against Cutaneous Photodamage in Humans In Vivo: A Randomized Controlled Trial. 2011. Br. J. Dermatol. 164:154-162.
Aust, O. et al. Supplementation with Tomato-Based Products Increases Lycopene, Phytofluene, and Phytoene Levels in Human Serum and Protects Against UV-Light Induced Erythema. 2005. Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res. Vol. 75:54-60.
Stahl, W. et al. Dietary Tomato Paste Protects Against Ultraviolet Light-Induced Erythema in Humans. 2001. J. Nutr. Vol. 131:1449-1451.
Grammatikopoulou, M.G. et al. Dietary Factors and Supplements Influencing Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) Concentrations in Men with Prostate Cancer and Increased Cancer Risk: An Evidence Analysis Review Based on Randomized Controlled Trials. 2020. Nutrients Vol. 12:1-37.
Fraser, G.E. et al. Tomato Consumption and Intake of Lycopene as Predictors of the Incidence of Prostate Cancer: The Adventist Health Study-2. 2020. Cancer Causes Control Vol. 31:341-351.
Rowles, J.D. 3rd et al. Increased Dietary and Circulating Lycopene are Associated with Reduced Prostate Cancer Risk: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 2017. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. Vol. 20:361-377.
Paur, I. et al. Tomato-Based Randomized Controlled Trial in Prostate Cancer Patients: Effect on PSA. 2017. Clin. Nutr. Vol. 36:672-679.
Graff, R.E. et al. Dietary Lycopene Intake and Risk of Prostate Cancer Defined by ERG Protein Expression. 2016. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. Vol. 103:851-860.
Chen, P. et al. Lycopene and Risk of Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 2015. Medicine Vol. 94:1-14.
Gann, P.H. et al. A Phase II Randomized Trial of Lycopene-Rich Tomato Extract Among Men with High-Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia. 2015. Nutr. Cancer. Vol. 67:1104–1112.
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